Seeds of orchids do not contain endosperm, and only germinate in symbiosis with fungi or under tissue culture conditions. Orchid plants develop protocorm upon germination and produce protocorm like structures protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) from somatic explants via tissue culture. Protocorm like bodies (PLBs) are similar in morphology and molecular basis to protocorms. PLBs have broad application prospects in efficient orchid plant regeneration, genetic transformation, preservation, production of secondary metabolites and cell engineering. Dendrobium plants, as important medicinal orchids, are rich in polysaccharides, flavonoids, alkaloids and other active compounds, with the highest content of polysaccharides exceeding 40%. Using Dendrobiums as models, the laboratory uses genetics and molecular biology techniques to answer the following scientific questions:

　　1) Molecular mechanism of protocorm (Protocorm like bodies) formation in orchid plants.